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1.
Neuromuscul Disord ; 34: 1-8, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38087756

RESUMO

Pompe disease is a rare genetic disorder with an estimated prevalence of 1:60.000. The two main phenotypes are Infantile Onset Pompe Disease (IOPD) and Late Onset Pompe Disease (LOPD). There is no published data from Spain regarding the existing number of cases, regional distribution, clinical features or, access and response to the treatment. We created a registry to collect all these data from patients with Pompe in Spain. Here, we report the data of the 122 patients registered including nine IOPD and 113 LOPD patients. There was a high variability in how the diagnosis was obtained and how the follow-up was performed among different centres. Seven IOPD patients were still alive being all treated with enzymatic replacement therapy (ERT) at last visit. Ninety four of the 113 LOPD patients had muscle weakness of which 81 were receiving ERT. We observed a progressive decline in the results of muscle function tests during follow-up. Overall, the Spanish Pompe Registry is a valuable resource for understanding the demographics, patient's journey and clinical characteristics of patients in Spain. Our data supports the development of agreed guidelines to ensure that the care provided to the patients is standardized across the country.


Assuntos
Doença de Depósito de Glicogênio Tipo II , Humanos , Doença de Depósito de Glicogênio Tipo II/epidemiologia , Doença de Depósito de Glicogênio Tipo II/genética , Doença de Depósito de Glicogênio Tipo II/terapia , alfa-Glucosidases/genética , Fenótipo , Sistema de Registros , Terapia de Reposição de Enzimas/métodos
2.
J Med Genet ; 60(7): 644-654, 2023 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36446582

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: KBG syndrome is a highly variable neurodevelopmental disorder and clinical diagnostic criteria have changed as new patients have been reported. Both loss-of-function sequence variants and large deletions (copy number variations, CNVs) involving ANKRD11 cause KBG syndrome, but no genotype-phenotype correlation has been reported. METHODS: 67 patients with KBG syndrome were assessed using a custom phenotypical questionnaire. Manifestations present in >50% of the patients and a 'phenotypical score' were used to perform a genotype-phenotype correlation in 340 patients from our cohort and the literature. RESULTS: Neurodevelopmental delay, macrodontia, triangular face, characteristic ears, nose and eyebrows were the most prevalentf (eatures. 82.8% of the patients had at least one of seven main comorbidities: hearing loss and/or otitis media, visual problems, cryptorchidism, cardiopathy, feeding difficulties and/or seizures. Associations found included a higher phenotypical score in patients with sequence variants compared with CNVs and a higher frequency of triangular face (71.1% vs 42.5% in CNVs). Short stature was more frequent in patients with exon 9 variants (62.5% inside vs 27.8% outside exon 9), and the prevalence of intellectual disability/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder/autism spectrum disorder was lower in patients with the c.1903_1907del variant (70.4% vs 89.4% other variants). Presence of macrodontia and comorbidities were associated with larger deletion sizes and hand anomalies with smaller deletions. CONCLUSION: We present a detailed phenotypical description of KBG syndrome in the largest series reported to date of 67 patients, provide evidence of a genotype-phenotype correlation between some KBG features and specific ANKRD11 variants in 340 patients, and propose updated clinical diagnostic criteria based on our findings.


Assuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas , Transtorno do Espectro Autista , Doenças do Desenvolvimento Ósseo , Deficiência Intelectual , Anormalidades Dentárias , Masculino , Humanos , Deficiência Intelectual/diagnóstico , Deficiência Intelectual/epidemiologia , Deficiência Intelectual/genética , Anormalidades Múltiplas/diagnóstico , Doenças do Desenvolvimento Ósseo/genética , Anormalidades Dentárias/genética , Facies , Transtorno do Espectro Autista/genética , Variações do Número de Cópias de DNA , Proteínas Repressoras/genética , Deleção Cromossômica , Fenótipo , Fatores de Transcrição/genética
3.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 962022 Jun 08.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35703131

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is a rare disease of genetic origin caused by the deletion of the distal end of chromosome 4, including at least the region p16.3. The objectives of this work were to determine the prevalence of the disease in the Spanish population, as well as to establish the geographical distribution of the syndrome throughout the Spanish geography, elucidating the age range in which there are more patients. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with the disease for nine years (2013-2021) throughout the Spanish territory were recruited for the research, thanks to agreements with the Spanish Association of Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome (AESWH). The clinical information of the patients was obtained from referring physicians using two standardized questionnaires completed with data from medical reports and the parent interview. The molecular characterization of the disease was made using SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) microarrays (cytoSNP850K, Illumina, USA). The data were statistically processed using Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation) and SPSS (IBM) software, using comparisons between two groups s with Student's t-test (for continuous variables) or with Chi-square tests (for categorical ones). For more than two groups, ANOVA analyses were performed (followed by Bonferroni or T3-Dunnett post hoc tests) for continuous variables and z-tests between column proportions for categorical variables. RESULTS: In Spain (until 2021) eighty people are diagnosed with this syndrome, estimating its prevalence at 1.69x10-4 per 10,000 inhabitants and / or 1/172,904 for each live newborn. This paper remarks the existence of important differences in prevalence between the different regions in Spain. The region with the most diagnosed patients was Madrid, although the highest prevalence was observed in Asturias. Significant differences have been established in terms of sex and disease (ratio of women to men of 2:1), and the mean age at diagnosis has been established at 7.20 years. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of this syndrome in Spain has been estimated well below the prevalence that is handled in scientific texts (1/50,000 newborns). In addition, we have determined that this prevalence shows large geographical differences, which allows us to affirm that this syndrome could be under-diagnosed in our country. Most of the patients included in this cohort are of paediatric age. It has not been possible to corroborate that mortality in this syndrome, in our population, occurs preferably during the first two years of life, as has been claimed.


OBJETIVO: El Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn es una enfermedad poco frecuente de origen genético causada por la deleción del extremo distal del cromosoma 4, que incluye preferentemente la región p16.3. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron determinar la prevalencia de la enfermedad en la población española, así como establecer la distribución geográfica del síndrome a lo largo de la geografía nacional, dilucidando el rango de edad en el que existían más pacientes afectados. METODOS: Para la investigación se reclutaron 80 pacientes diagnosticados con el síndrome en el periodo 2013-2021, en todo el territorio español, gracias a los acuerdos con la Asociación Española de Síndrome Wolf-Hirschhorn (AESWH). La información clínica de los pacientes se obtuvo mediante dos cuestionarios estandarizados que fueron cumplimentados por médicos de referencia y los padres, siendo completados y corroborados con los distintos informes médicos de cada paciente y, al menos, una entrevista una entrevista a los padres. La caracterización molecular de la enfermedad se realizó mediante el uso de microarrays de SNP (del inglés, single nucleotide polymorphism) (CytoSNP 850K, Illumina). Los datos se trataron estadísiticamente utilizando los softwares Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation) y SPSS (IBM), mediante las comparaciones entre dos grupos s con la prueba t de Student (para variables continuas) o con pruebas de Chi cuadrado (para las categóricas). Para más de dos grupos se realizó análisis ANOVA (seguido de las pruebas post hoc de Bonferroni o T3-Dunnett) para variables continuas y pruebas z entre proporciones de columna para variables categóricas. RESULTADOS: En España (hasta 2021) están diagnosticadas ochenta personas con este síndrome, estimándose su prevalencia en 1,69x10-4 por cada 10.000 habitantes y/o 1/172.904 por cada recién nacido vivo. En este trabajo se constató la existencia de importantes diferencias de prevalencia entre las comunidades autónomas de nuestro país. La comunidad con más pacientes diagnosticados fue Madrid, aunque la mayor prevalencia se observó en Asturias. Se establecieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto al sexo y la enfermedad (proporción de mujeres sobre varones de 2:1), así como se estableció la edad media al diagnóstico en 7,20 años. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de este síndrome en España se estima muy por debajo de la prevalencia que se maneja en los textos científicos (1 por cada 50.000 recién nacidos). Adicionalmente, hemos determinado que esta prevalencia muestra grandes diferencias geográficas, lo que nos permite afirmar que este síndrome podría encontrarse infra-diagnosticado en nuestro país. La mayor parte de los pacientes incluidos en esta cohorte se encuentran en edad pediátrica. No se ha podido corroborar que la mortalidad en este síndrome, en nuestra población, ocurra preferentemente durante los dos primeros años de vida, como se venía afirmando.


Assuntos
Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Prevalência , Espanha/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/genética
4.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 96: e202206045-e202206045, Jun. 2022. mapas, graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-211303

RESUMO

FUNDAMENTOS: El Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn es una enfermedad poco frecuente de origen genético causada por la delecióndel extremo distal del cromosoma 4, que incluye preferentemente la región p16.3. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron determinar laprevalencia de la enfermedad en la población española, así como establecer la distribución geográfica del síndrome a lo largo de lageografía nacional, dilucidando el rango de edad en el que existían más pacientes afectados.MÉTODOS: Para la investigación se reclutaron 80 pacientes diagnosticados con el síndrome en el periodo 2013-2021, en todo elterritorio español, gracias a los acuerdos con la Asociación Española de Síndrome Wolf-Hirschhorn (AESWH). La información clínica de los pacientes se obtuvo mediante dos cuestionarios estandarizados que fueron cumplimentados por médicos de referencia y los padres, siendo completados y corroborados con los distintos informes médicos de cada paciente y, al menos, una entrevista una entrevista a los padres. La caracterización molecular de la enfermedad se realizó mediante el uso de microarrays de SNP(del inglés, single nucleotide polymorphism) (CytoSNP 850K, Illumina). Los datos se trataron estadísiticamente utilizando los softwaresMicrosoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation) y SPSS (IBM), mediante las comparaciones entre dos grupos s con la prueba t de Student (para variables continuas) o con pruebas de Chi cuadrado (para las categóricas). Para más de dos grupos se realizó análisis ANOVA (seguido de las pruebas post hoc de Bonferroni o T3-Dunnett) para variables continuas y pruebas z entre proporciones de columna para variables categóricas. RESULTADOS: En España (hasta 2021) están diagnosticadas ochenta personas con este síndrome, estimándose su prevalencia en1,69x10-4 por cada 10.000 habitantes y/o 1/172.904 por cada recién nacido vivo. En este trabajo se constató la existencia de importantesdiferencias de prevalencia entre las comunidades autónomas de nuestro país.(AU)


BACKGROUND: Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is a rare disease of genetic origin caused by the deletion of the distal end of chromo-some 4, including at least the region p16.3. The objectives of this work were to determine the prevalence of the disease in the Spanishpopulation, as well as to establish the geographical distribution of the syndrome throughout the Spanish geography, elucidating theage range in which there are more patients. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with the disease for nine years (2013-2021) throughout the Spanish territory were recruited for theresearch, thanks to agreements with the Spanish Association of Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome (AESWH). The clinical information of thepatients was obtained from referring physicians using two standardized questionnaires completed with data from medical reports andthe parent interview. The molecular characterization of the disease was made using SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) microarrays (cytoSNP850K, Illumina, USA). The data were statistically processed using Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation) and SPSS (IBM) software,using comparisons between two groups s with Student’s t-test (for continuous variables) or with Chi-square tests (for categorical ones).For more than two groups, ANOVA analyses were performed (followed by Bonferroni or T3-Dunnett post hoc tests) for continuous varia-bles and z-tests between column proportions for categorical variables. RESULTS: In Spain (until 2021) eighty people are diagnosed with this syndrome, estimating its prevalence at 1.69x10-4 per 10,000inhabitants and / or 1/172,904 for each live newborn. This paper remarks the existence of important differences in prevalence betweenthe different regions in Spain. The region with the most diagnosed patients was Madrid, although the highest prevalence was obser-ved in Asturias.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Demografia , Prevalência , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn , Espanha , Saúde Pública , Inquéritos e Questionários
5.
Front Genet ; 13: 652454, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35495150

RESUMO

Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS, OMIM# 606232) results from either different rearrangements at the distal region of the long arm of chromosome 22 (22q13.3) or pathogenic sequence variants in the SHANK3 gene. SHANK3 codes for a structural protein that plays a central role in the formation of the postsynaptic terminals and the maintenance of synaptic structures. Clinically, patients with PMS often present with global developmental delay, absent or severely delayed speech, neonatal hypotonia, minor dysmorphic features, and autism spectrum disorders (ASD), among other findings. Here, we describe a cohort of 210 patients with genetically confirmed PMS. We observed multiple variant types, including a significant number of small deletions (<0.5 Mb, 64/189) and SHANK3 sequence variants (21 cases). We also detected multiple types of rearrangements among microdeletion cases, including a significant number with post-zygotic mosaicism (9.0%, 17/189), ring chromosome 22 (10.6%, 20/189), unbalanced translocations (de novo or inherited, 6.4%), and additional rearrangements at 22q13 (6.3%, 12/189) as well as other copy number variations in other chromosomes, unrelated to 22q deletions (14.8%, 28/189). We compared the clinical and genetic characteristics among patients with different sizes of deletions and with SHANK3 variants. Our findings suggest that SHANK3 plays an important role in this syndrome but is probably not uniquely responsible for all the spectrum features in PMS. We emphasize that only an adequate combination of different molecular and cytogenetic approaches allows an accurate genetic diagnosis in PMS patients. Thus, a diagnostic algorithm is proposed.

6.
Rev. logop. foniatr. audiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 41(4): 208-209, Oct-Dic, 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-227658

RESUMO

Introducción: La Parálisis Cerebral es un trastorno global de la persona consistente en un desorden permanente y no inmutable del tono muscular, la postura y el movimiento, debido a una lesión no progresiva en el cerebro antes de que su desarrollo y crecimiento sean completos. Así pues, se describen dos grupos de complicaciones de gran trascendencia clínica relacionadas con la disfagia: disminución de la eficacia y de la seguridad de la deglución. Material y Métodos: Valorar la eficacia de la aplicación de técnicas y métodos empleados durante el proceso de nutrición a modo de mejorar la disfagia en pacientes con Parálisis Cerebral. Diseño: Ensayo clínico (Estudio de intervención o proyecto). El grupo seleccionado realizó un programa de evaluación, intervención y reevaluación post-intervención logopédico cuyas características tenían que cumplir con los siguientes parámetros: - Tener disfagia orofaríngea derivada de una causa neurológica, - Presentar un nivel cognitivo severo, cuyas limitaciones circunscriban en el impedimento de alimentarse de manera autónoma y durante el proceso de evaluación inicial y final es necesario que los sujetos reciban el alimento por el mismo monitor. El método diseñado para la evaluación de las actitudes alimentarias fue EAT-10 (Eating Assesment Tool), y el MECV-V (Método clínico de Exploración Viscosidad-Volumen), el cual se utilizó como método indicativo de los signos más frecuentes e importantes de la disfagia. Marco: Comedor de la Asociación Malagueña de Atención a la Parálisis Cerebral (AMMAPACE), Málaga. Participantes: 25 pacientes y 17 monitores procedentes de la asociación descrita. Resultados: El proceso de selección, evaluación e intervención ha sido establecido a lo largo de cinco meses de duración durante el periodo en el que los pacientes lleven a cabo la práctica alimenticia habitual. Anteriormente descrito, en total se estudiaron previamente a 25 pacientes, con una media de edad entre 30-60 años...(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Transtornos de Deglutição/reabilitação , Paralisia Cerebral , Qualidade de Vida , Ingestão de Alimentos
8.
Neuropediatrics ; 52(3): 192-200, 2021 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33657631

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to describe the cases of neurological disease related to the outbreak of enterovirus (EV) in three regions in Northern Spain during 2016. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Multicenter retrospective observational study. Clinical, radiological, and microbiological data were analyzed from patients younger than 15 years with confirmed EV-associated neurological disease admitted to 10 hospitals of Asturias, Cantabria, and Castile and Leon between January 1 and December 31, 2016. RESULTS: Fifty-five patients were included. Median age was 24 months (interquartile range = 18.5 months). Fifteen patients were classified as aseptic meningitis (27.3%). In total, 37 cases presented brainstem encephalitis (67.3%), 25 of them due to EV-A71 with excellent prognosis (84.6% asymptomatic 2 months following the onset). Three cases of acute flaccid myelitis (5.5%) by EV-D68 were reported and presented persistent paresis 2 months following the onset. Microbiological diagnosis by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed in all cases, finding EV in cerebrospinal fluid in meningitis, but not in brainstem encephalitis and acute flaccid myelitis, where EV was found in respiratory or rectal samples. Step therapy was administrated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG; 32.7%), methylprednisolone (10%), and plasmapheresis (3.6%). Four patients received fluoxetine (7.3%). Twenty patients needed to be admitted to pediatric intensive care unit (36.4%). CONCLUSION: Clinical, microbiological, and radiological diagnosis is essential in outbreaks of EV neurological disease, taking into account that it can be difficult to identify EV-A71 and EV-D68 in CSF, requiring throat or rectal samples. There is not specific treatment to these conditions and the efficacy and understanding of the mechanism of action of immune-modulatory treatment (IVIG, corticosteroids, and plasmapheresis) is limited.


Assuntos
Enterovirus Humano D , Infecções por Enterovirus , Mielite , Criança , Surtos de Doenças , Infecções por Enterovirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Enterovirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Enterovirus/terapia , Humanos , Lactente , Mielite/complicações , Mielite/epidemiologia , Mielite/terapia , Espanha/epidemiologia
9.
J Clin Med ; 9(11)2020 Nov 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33158290

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a rare disease caused by deletion in the distal moiety of the short arm of chromosome 4. The objectives of this study were to report the most representative oral findings of WHS, relate them with other clinical characteristics of the disease, and establish possible phenotype-genotype correlation. METHODS: The study was conducted at 6 reference centers distributed throughout Spain during 2018-2019. The study group consisted of 31 patients with WHS who underwent a standardized oral examination. Due to behavioral reasons, imaging studies were performed on only 11 of the children 6 years of age or older. All participants had previously undergone a specific medical examination for WHS, during which anatomical, functional, epilepsy-related, and genetic variables were recorded. RESULTS: The most prevalent oral manifestations were delayed tooth eruption (74.1%), bruxism (64.5%), dental agenesis (63.6%), micrognathia (60.0%), oligodontia (45.5%), and downturned corners of the mouth (32.3%). We detected strong correlation between psychomotor delay and oligodontia (p = 0.008; Cramér's V coefficient, 0.75). The size of the deletion was correlated in a statistically significant manner with the presence of oligodontia (p = 0.009; point-biserial correlation coefficient, 0.75). CONCLUSION: Certain oral manifestations prevalent in WHS can form part of the syndrome's phenotypic variability. A number of the characteristics of WHS, such as psychomotor delay and epilepsy, are correlated with oral findings such as oligodontia and bruxism. Although most genotype-phenotype correlations are currently unknown, most of them seem to be associated with larger deletions, suggesting that some oral-facial candidate genes might be outside the critical WHS region, indicating that WHS is a contiguous gene syndrome.

10.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 70(4): 134-138, 16 feb., 2020. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-192848

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El síndrome de Panayiotopoulos (SP) es una epilepsia frecuente en la infancia que se clasifica dentro de las epilepsias focales idiopáticas benignas. No existe consenso sobre la indicación de neuroimagen ante un cuadro electroclínico compatible con este trastorno. Se presentan dos casos que comenzaron con un patrón electroclínico compatible con SP y en los que finalmente se detectaron alteraciones estructurales occipitales. Casos clínicos. Dos niñas de 5 y 6 años que comenzaron con episodios compatibles electroclínicamente con SP. En ambos casos, la neuroimagen mostró lesiones estructurales (displasia cortical y xantoastrocitoma pleomórfico), por lo que finalmente el diagnóstico fue de epilepsia focal sintomática occipital, con el consiguiente cambio en el pronóstico y el tratamiento. CONCLUSIONES: En la bibliografía se describen anomalías en la resonancia magnética craneal en un 10-20% de los casos diagnosticados de SP en los que se realiza una prueba de imagen, aunque no siempre se modifica el diagnóstico de SP (lesiones coincidentes). Ambos casos ejemplifican la importancia de alcanzar un diagnóstico correcto mediante un estudio detallado que ha de incluir la realización de neuroimagen, ya que, en algunos pacientes, se detectarán lesiones cerebrales causales, por lo que el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y la evolución serán drásticamente distintos


INTRODUCTION: Panayiotopoulos syndrome (PS) is a common form of epilepsy in childhood that is classified as one of the benign idiopathic focal epilepsies. There is no consensus on the indication of neuroimaging in the presence of an electroclinical picture consistent with this disorder. Two cases are presented that began with an electroclinical pattern compatible with PS and in which alterations in the occipital structure were finally detected. CASE REPORTS. Two girls aged 5 and 6 years who began with episodes consistent with PS. In both cases neuroimaging showed structural lesions (cortical dysplasia and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma), and hence the final diagnosis was occipital symptomatic focal epilepsy, with the ensuing change in the prognosis and treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The literature describes abnormalities in cranial magnetic resonance imaging in 10-20% of diagnosed cases of PS in which a scan is performed, although the diagnosis of PS is not always changed (matching lesions). Both cases exemplify the importance of reaching a correct diagnosis through a detailed study that must include neuroimaging, since, in some patients, causal brain injuries will be detected and as a result the diagnosis, treatment and evolution will be significantly different


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Epilepsias Parciais/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Eletroencefalografia
11.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 117(4): 406-412, ago. 2019. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1054946

RESUMO

El síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn es una entidad polimalformativa debida a la microdeleción en la región distal del brazo corto del cromosoma 4 (4p16.3), el cual produce una serie de manifestaciones clínicas, que pueden variar dependiendo del tipo y tamaño del defecto genético en este síndrome de genes contiguos. Se presentan cinco pacientes, tres de ellos de sexo femenino, todos con los hallazgos clínicos primordiales, con rasgo facial característico de "apariencia en casco de guerrero griego", retraso en el crecimiento y del desarrollo psicomotor. Además de la deleción parcial en la región distal del brazo corto del cromosoma 4, en dos pacientes, se encontraron alteraciones genéticas adicionales, mediante el uso de microarrays de polimorfismos de nucleótido único. Se resaltan las características clínicas del síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn con la finalidad de orientar el diagnóstico, brindar una atención médica interdisciplinaria y, a través de su confirmación, brindar un adecuado asesoramiento genético familiar.


Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is a polymalformative entity due to the microdeletion in the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 4 (4p16.3), which produces a series of clinical manifestations that can vary depending on the type and size of the genetic defect in this contiguous gene syndrome. Five patients are presented, three of them female, all with the primary clinical findings, characterized by "Greek warrior helmet appearance" facial feature, growth retardation and psychomotor development delay. In addition to the partial deletion in the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 4, two additional genetic alterations were found in two patients, through the use of single nucleotide polymorphism arrays. The clinical characteristics of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome are highlighted in order to guide the diagnosis, provide interdisciplinary medical care and, through its confirmation, provide adequate family genetic counseling.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Anormalidades Múltiplas , Análise em Microsséries , Aconselhamento Genético
12.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 117(4): e406-e412, 2019 08 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31339285

RESUMO

Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is a polymalformative entity due to the microdeletion in the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 4 (4p16.3), which produces a series of clinical manifestations that can vary depending on the type and size of the genetic defect in this contiguous gene syndrome. Five patients are presented, three of them female, all with the primary clinical findings, characterized by "Greek warrior helmet appearance" facial feature, growth retardation and psychomotor development delay. In addition to the partial deletion in the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 4, two additional genetic alterations were found in two patients, through the use of single nucleotide polymorphism arrays. The clinical characteristics of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome are highlighted in order to guide the diagnosis, provide interdisciplinary medical care and, through its confirmation, provide adequate family genetic counseling.


El síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn es una entidad polimalformativa debida a la microdeleción en la región distal del brazo corto del cromosoma 4 (4p16.3), el cual produce una serie de manifestaciones clínicas, que pueden variar dependiendo del tipo y tamaño del defecto genético en este síndrome de genes contiguos. Se presentan cinco pacientes, tres de ellos de sexo femenino, todos con los hallazgos clínicos primordiales, con rasgo facial característico de "apariencia en casco de guerrero griego", retraso en el crecimiento y del desarrollo psicomotor. Además de la deleción parcial en la región distal del brazo corto del cromosoma 4, en dos pacientes, se encontraron alteraciones genéticas adicionales, mediante el uso de microarrays de polimorfismos de nucleótido único. Se resaltan las características clínicas del síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn con la finalidad de orientar el diagnóstico, brindar una atención médica interdisciplinaria y, a través de su confirmación, brindar un adecuado asesoramiento genético familiar.


Assuntos
Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Análise em Microsséries , Fenótipo
13.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 79(1,supl.1): 4-9, abr. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1002597

RESUMO

Los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) engloban a un grupo heterogéneo de trastornos del neurodesarrollo que tienen en común la presencia de problemas para la interacción/comunicación social y la tendencia a mostrar intereses restringidos o conductas repetitivas. Diversos estudios epidemiológicos realizados en diferentes países en los últimos años han mostrado de forma consistente dos características: el incremento progresivo en la prevalencia de los TEA a nivel mundial y la existencia de una gran variabilidad geográfica entre territorios y dentro de un mismo territorio. En el presente artículo analizamos los datos de prevalencia más recientemente publicados en EE.UU. y en diversos países de Europa (incluyendo España), que muestran tasas de prevalencia muy variables, con un rango que abarca desde 1/59 niños con trastornos del espectro autista en EE. UU., hasta 1/806 en Portugal. En un segundo tiempo describimos brevemente algunas de las principales hipótesis que intentan explicar esta variabilidad.


Autism spectrum disorders are a heterogeneous group of disorders that share the presence of two core symptoms: problems in social interaction / communication and the tendency to present restricted interests and repetitive behavior. Over the last years, several epidemiologic studies have been published by different authors in diverse countries, having all of them shown two common characteristics: a global increase in the prevalence rates of autism spectrum disorders, and the existence of a great geographical variability no only between geographical areas, but also within the same geographical areas. At the present manuscript, we analyze some of the most recent prevalence data published in USA and some European countries (including Spain). All of them show different prevalence rates, ranging from 1/59 children with autism spectrum disorders in the USA to 1/806 in Portugal. In a second part, we briefly describe some of the current scientific hypotheses that try to explain this variability.


Assuntos
Humanos , Transtorno do Espectro Autista/epidemiologia , Projetos de Pesquisa/normas , Espanha/epidemiologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Demografia/tendências , Prevalência , Fatores Etários , Europa (Continente)/epidemiologia , Transtorno do Espectro Autista/diagnóstico
14.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 79(Suppl 1): 4-9, 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30776272

RESUMO

Autism spectrum disorders are a heterogeneous group of disorders that share the presence of two core symptoms: problems in social interaction / communication and the tendency to present restricted interests and repetitive behavior. Over the last years, several epidemiologic studies have been published by different authors in diverse countries, having all of them shown two common characteristics: a global increase in the prevalence rates of autism spectrum disorders, and the existence of a great geographical variability no only between geographical areas, but also within the same geographical areas. At the present manuscript, we analyze some of the most recent prevalence data published in USA and some European countries (including Spain). All of them show different prevalence rates, ranging from 1/59 children with autism spectrum disorders in the USA to 1/806 in Portugal. In a second part, we briefly describe some of the current scientific hypotheses that try to explain this variability.


Los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) engloban a un grupo heterogéneo de trastornos del neurodesarrollo que tienen en común la presencia de problemas para la interacción/comunicación social y la tendencia a mostrar intereses restringidos o conductas repetitivas. Diversos estudios epidemiológicos realizados en diferentes países en los últimos años han mostrado de forma consistente dos características: el incremento progresivo en la prevalencia de los TEA a nivel mundial y la existencia de una gran variabilidad geográfica entre territorios y dentro de un mismo territorio. En el presente artículo analizamos los datos de prevalencia más recientemente publicados en EE.UU. y en diversos países de Europa (incluyendo España), que muestran tasas de prevalencia muy variables, con un rango que abarca desde 1/59 niños con trastornos del espectro autista en EE. UU., hasta 1/806 en Portugal. En un segundo tiempo describimos brevemente algunas de las principales hipótesis que intentan explicar esta variabilidad.


Assuntos
Transtorno do Espectro Autista/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Transtorno do Espectro Autista/diagnóstico , Demografia/tendências , Europa (Continente)/epidemiologia , Humanos , Prevalência , Projetos de Pesquisa/normas , Espanha/epidemiologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia
16.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 65(6): 263-267, 16 sept., 2017. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-167011

RESUMO

Introducción. Las crisis de ausencia son el paradigma de las crisis generalizadas idiopáticas de la infancia según la clasificación de la Liga Internacional contra la Epilepsia de 1981. A pesar de que las ausencias son mayoritariamente de origen idiopático, existen ausencias sintomáticas, que suponen un 10% de los casos de ausencia. Se piensa que una patología estructural puede favorecer la aparición de ausencias en individuos genéticamente predispuestos. Casos clínicos. Se presentan dos pacientes con crisis de ausencia sintomáticas de inicio en la infancia. El primero muestra un daño talámico de origen perinatal, y el segundo, un déficit del transportador de glucosa cerebral. Conclusión. Existe un porcentaje de las crisis de ausencia en la infancia que presenta un origen sintomático. Este hecho ocurre con mayor frecuencia en niños que presentan otros tipos de epilepsia, daños cerebrales focales o difusos, y en las ausencias que comienzan de forma precoz (AU)


Introduction. According to the 1981 International League Against Epilepsy classification, absence seizures are the paradigm of idiopathic generalised seizures of childhood. Although absences are mainly of an idiopathic origin, there are also symptomatic absences, which account for 10% of all cases of absences. It is thought that a structural pathology can favour the appearance of absences in genetically predisposed individuals. Case reports. We report the cases of two patients with symptomatic absence seizures of childhood onset. The first presented thalamic damage of a perinatal origin and the second had glucose transporter deficiency in the brain. Conclusion. A percentage of absence seizures in childhood are of a symptomatic origin. This occurs more frequently in children who present other types of epilepsy, focal or diffuse brain damage, and in early-onset absences (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Epilepsia Tipo Ausência/genética , Dano Encefálico Crônico/complicações , Doenças Talâmicas/complicações , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Transportador de Glucose Tipo 1/deficiência
17.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 64(9): 393-400, 1 mayo, 2017. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-162602

RESUMO

Introducción. El síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn (SWH) es un síndrome de genes contiguos que provoca múltiples anomalías congénitas, causado por la pérdida de una porción distal del brazo corto del cromosoma 4 (4p16.3). Se caracteriza por un fenotipo facial peculiar propio, asociado a problemas de crecimiento, retraso psicomotor y epilepsia. Objetivos. Realizar un registro de pacientes con SWH en España, describir sus características, conocer la prevalencia de epilepsia, estimar el grado de retraso psicomotor y realizar una revisión de la bibliografía para comparar estos datos con lo publicado hasta la fecha. Pacientes y métodos. En colaboración con la Asociación Española de Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn se contactó con las familias afectadas y se realizó una recogida de datos mediante formularios corroborados por informes médicos. Resultados. Se describen las características de 51 pacientes. El retraso psicomotor fue considerado grave en el 37% de los casos. El 88% presentaba epilepsia, y la práctica totalidad, problemas de crecimiento. El tamaño medio de la deleción fue de 8,4 Mb y el fenotipo se expone en fotografías. Otra clínica descrita fueron alteraciones sensoriales y patología nefrourológica y cardiológica. Conclusiones. Se describe la segunda cohorte en tamaño de pacientes con SWH publicada hasta la fecha con caracterización genética. Muchas de las características coinciden con lo ya descrito, salvo algunas, como el grado de retraso psicomotor, que parece ser menor en la muestra estudiada (AU)


Introduction: Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a contiguous gene syndrome that gives rise to multiple congenital anomalies, caused by the loss of a distal portion of the short arm of chromosome 4 (4p16.3). It is characterised by its own peculiar facial phenotype, associated to growth problems, psychomotor retardation and epilepsy. AIMS. To establish a register of patients with WHS in Spain, describe their characteristics, determine the prevalence of epilepsy, estimate the degree of psychomotor retardation and perform a review of the literature in order to compare these data with those published to date. Patients and Methods: In collaboration with the Spanish Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome Association, we contacted the families affected and collected data via forms endorsed by medical reports. Results: The characteristics of 51 patients are described. Psychomotor retardation was considered the most severe in 37% of cases. Of the total sample, 88% presented epilepsy, and nearly all of them showed growth problems. The mean size of the deletion was 8.4 Mb, and the phenotype is displayed in photographs. Other clinical features reported were sensory alterations and nephrourological and cardiological pathologies. Conclusions: This study reports on the second largest cohort of patients with WHS with a genetic characterisation published to date. Many of the characteristics coincide with those described previously, with several exceptions, such as the degree of psychomotor retardation, which appears to be lower in the sample studied here (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/epidemiologia , Epilepsia/epidemiologia , Deficiência Intelectual/epidemiologia , Transtornos Psicomotores/epidemiologia , Facies , Fenótipo , Registros de Doenças/estatística & dados numéricos , Anormalidades Múltiplas/epidemiologia
18.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 59(9): 392-398, 1 nov., 2014. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-128864

RESUMO

Introducción. En los últimos años parecemos asistir a una creciente demanda asistencial en neuropediatría. Los estudios epidemiológicos son necesarios para dar a conocer dicha demanda y así favorecer una adecuada gestión de los recursos sanitarios. Objetivo. Conocer el peso proporcional de las consultas de neuropediatría en el global de las consultas pediátricas en nuestro hospital, la tasa anual de consulta en neurología infantil por cada 1.000 habitantes menores de 14 años y las características de dicha consulta (datos demográficos, motivos de consulta y otras). Pacientes y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, sobre la actividad asistencial de consultas pediátricas y neuropediátricas en un hospital público de nivel II en el sur de Madrid, durante el período 2008-2012. Resultados. Desde la apertura de nuestro centro, las consultas de pediatría han experimentado un marcado crecimiento, siendo las de neuropediatría las más demandadas, ya que en el año 2012 atendieron a un total de 2.129 pacientes (718 primeras consultas), con un índice de sucesiva/primera consulta de 1,96. En neuropediatría, se atendieron el 23,49% de todas las consultas pediátricas realizadas en el hospital. La tasa media de primeras consultas en el período de estudio fue de 72,86/1.000 niños. Los principales motivos de consulta fueron los problemas de aprendizaje/trastornos de conducta (24,1%), seguidos de cefalea (21,9%), episodios paroxísticos (14,8%) y retraso del desarrollo psicomotor (9%). Conclusiones. El incremento en la demanda asistencial de la neuropediatría ha resultado claramente superior al de las otras especialidades pediátricas que llevan en funcionamiento el mismo período. En los cinco años de estudio, la tasa de primeras visitas se ha triplicado. Esta sobrecarga asistencial podría condicionar la atención a los pacientes con patología neurológica grave. Serían necesarios estudios similares en diferentes regiones para conocer la realidad de la neuropediatría española (AU)


Introduction. In recent years it seems we are witnessing an increasing demand for neuropaediatric care. Epidemiological studies are needed to make this demand more widely known and thus promote appropriate management of health care resources. Aims. To determine what proportion of all visits to the paediatric department in our hospital are neuropaediatric consultations, the annual consultation rate in child neurology per 1,000 inhabitants under 14 years of age, and the characteristics of that consultation (demographic data, reasons for the visit and others). Patients and methods. We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study on the health care activity of paediatric and neuropaediatric units in a level-II public hospital in the south of Madrid, over the period 2008-2012. Results. Since our centre opened, the number of paediatric consultations has increased sharply, neuropaediatric visits being the most frequently demanded. In the year 2012 a total of 2,129 patients were seen (718 first visits), with a successive/first visit index of 1.96. Of all the paediatric consultations carried out in the hospital, 23.49% took place in neuropaediatrics. The mean rate of first visits in the period under study was 72.86/1,000 children. The main reasons for the consultation were learning disabilities/conduct disorders (24.1%), followed by headaches (21.9%), paroxysmal episodes (14.8%) and delayed psychomotor development (9%). Conclusions. The increase in demand for neuropaediatrics health care was clearly higher than that of other paediatric specialities over the same period of time. In the five years included in the study, the rate of first visits increased threefold. This health care overload could condition the care dispensed to patients with severe neurological pathologies. Further studies of a similar nature in different regions are required to determine the real situation of neuropaediatrics in Spain (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/epidemiologia , Administração de Serviços de Saúde , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Deficiências da Aprendizagem/epidemiologia
19.
Rev Neurol ; 57(2): 49-56, 2013 Jul 16.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23836334

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a chromosome pathology produced by a deletion in the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 4. It is characterised by the presence of a peculiar phenotype, delayed growth, delayed psychomotor development and epilepsy. AIMS: To describe the characteristics of a series of children with WHS, including the mean amount of time spent on reaching the diagnosis, and to evaluate the opinion of the families about the diagnostic process. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The researchers contacted the National WHS Association and, through them, contact was established with 29 families affected by the condition. Information was collected about the clinical features of the child and the opinion about the diagnostic process, and the families were asked to present medical reports that confirmed the information they had given. Once a database of information about the patients had been created, it was submitted to a statistical analysis. RESULTS: Information was obtained on 27 families. The mean age of the patients is currently 6.94 ± 6.37 years. The mean age of diagnosis was 14.34 months. Delayed intrauterine growth exists in 92.6% of the pregnancies. Epilepsy is present in 92.6% of patients, 44.4% of them in monotherapy. Delayed psychomotor/cognitive development exists in all the patients. Thirty-three per cent of them can walk unaided. The parents rated the treatment offered by physicians with a mean score of 7.25 ± 2.17 and the information they were provided with was given a score of 6.29 ± 2.11. CONCLUSIONS: No references have been found regarding the mean age of diagnosis for WHS. In our sample there are important variations in this respect, possibly influenced by the phenotype of the case and the doctor's own experience. The clinical characteristics are similar to the ones that were expected. The estimated degree of dependence is high and, in contrast, the quality of the information received by the family is low.


TITLE: Sindrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn. Serie de 27 pacientes: caracteristicas epidemiologicas y clinicas. Situacion actual de los pacientes y opinion de sus cuidadores respecto al proceso diagnostico.Introduccion. El sindrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn (SWH) es una cromosomopatia producida por una delecion en la region distal del brazo corto del cromosoma 4. Se caracteriza por la presencia de un fenotipo peculiar, retraso en el crecimiento, retraso del desarrollo psicomotor y epilepsia. Objetivos. Describir las caracteristicas de una serie de niños con SWH, incluido el tiempo medio empleado para el diagnostico, y valorar la opinion de las familias sobre el proceso diagnostico. Pacientes y metodos. Se contacto con la Asociacion Nacional de SWH y, a traves de ella, con 29 familias afectadas. Se recogio informacion sobre la clinica del niño y la opinion sobre el proceso diagnostico, y se solicitaron informes medicos que confirmaran la informacion facilitada. Constituida una base de datos de pacientes, se procedio a su analisis estadistico. Resultados. Se obtuvo informacion de 27 familias. Los pacientes presentan una edad media actual de 6,94 ± 6,37 años. La edad media de diagnostico fue de 14,34 meses. Existe retraso del crecimiento intrauterino en el 92,6% de los embarazos. Un 92,6% de los pacientes presenta epilepsia, el 44,4% de ellos en monoterapia. Existe retraso del desarrollo psicomotor/cognitivo en todos los pacientes. Camina sin ayuda el 33%. Los padres califican con una nota media de 7,25 ± 2,17 el trato ofrecido por los facultativos y de 6,29 ± 2,11 la informacion recibida. Conclusiones. No se han encontrado referencias a la edad media de diagnostico para el SWH. En nuestra muestra, existen variaciones importantes en este aspecto, posiblemente condicionadas por el fenotipo del caso y la experiencia del medico. Las caracteristicas clinicas son similares a las esperadas. El grado de dependencia estimado es alto y la calidad de la informacion recibida por la familia, baja.


Assuntos
Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Atrofia , Encéfalo/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Deleção Cromossômica , Cromossomos Humanos Par 4/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 4/ultraestrutura , Bases de Dados Factuais , Diagnóstico Tardio , Epilepsia/genética , Facies , Feminino , Retardo do Crescimento Fetal/genética , Transtornos do Crescimento/genética , Humanos , Lactente , Deficiência Intelectual/genética , Masculino , Fenótipo , Espanha/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/complicações , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/genética
20.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 57(2): 49-56, jul. 2013. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-114344

RESUMO

Introducción. El síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn (SWH) es una cromosomopatía producida por una deleción en la región distal del brazo corto del cromosoma 4. Se caracteriza por la presencia de un fenotipo peculiar, retraso en el crecimiento, retraso del desarrollo psicomotor y epilepsia. Objetivos. Describir las características de una serie de niños con SWH, incluido el tiempo medio empleado para el diagnóstico, y valorar la opinión de las familias sobre el proceso diagnóstico. Pacientes y métodos. Se contactó con la Asociación Nacional de SWH y, a través de ella, con 29 familias afectadas. Se recogió información sobre la clínica del niño y la opinión sobre el proceso diagnóstico, y se solicitaron informes médicos que confirmaran la información facilitada. Constituida una base de datos de pacientes, se procedió a su análisis estadístico. Resultados. Se obtuvo información de 27 familias. Los pacientes presentan una edad media actual de 6,94 ± 6,37 años. La edad media de diagnóstico fue de 14,34 meses. Existe retraso del crecimiento intrauterino en el 92,6% de los embarazos. Un 92,6% de los pacientes presenta epilepsia, el 44,4% de ellos en monoterapia. Existe retraso del desarrollo psicomotor/cognitivo en todos los pacientes. Camina sin ayuda el 33%. Los padres califican con una nota media de 7,25 ± 2,17 el trato ofrecido por los facultativos y de 6,29 ± 2,11 la información recibida. Conclusiones.No se han encontrado referencias a la edad media de diagnóstico para el SWH. En nuestra muestra, existen variaciones importantes en este aspecto, posiblemente condicionadas por el fenotipo del caso y la experiencia del médico. Las características clínicas son similares a las esperadas. El grado de dependencia estimado es alto y la calidad de la información recibida por la familia, baja (AU)


Introduction. Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a chromosome pathology produced by a deletion in the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 4. It is characterised by the presence of a peculiar phenotype, delayed growth, delayed psychomotor development and epilepsy. Aims. To describe the characteristics of a series of children with WHS, including the mean amount of time spent on reaching the diagnosis, and to evaluate the opinion of the families about the diagnostic process. Patients and methods. The researchers contacted the National WHS Association and, through them, contact was established with 29 families affected by the condition. Information was collected about the clinical features of the child and the opinion about the diagnostic process, and the families were asked to present medical reports that confirmed the information they had given. Once a database of information about the patients had been created, it was submitted to a statistical analysis. Results. Information was obtained on 27 families. The mean age of the patients is currently 6.94 ± 6.37 years. The mean age of diagnosis was 14.34 months. Delayed intrauterine growth exists in 92.6% of the pregnancies. Epilepsy is present in 92.6% of patients, 44.4% of them in monotherapy. Delayed psychomotor/cognitive development exists in all the patients. Thirty-three per cent of them can walk unaided. The parents rated the treatment offered by physicians with a mean score of 7.25 ± 2.17 and the information they were provided with was given a score of 6.29 ± 2.11. Conclusions. No references have been found regarding the mean age of diagnosis for WHS. In our sample there are important variations in this respect, possibly influenced by the phenotype of the case and the doctor’s own experience. The clinical characteristics are similar to the ones that were expected. The estimated degree of dependence is high and, in contrast, the quality of the information received by the family is low (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/epidemiologia , Monossomia/genética , Supressão Genética/genética , Transtornos Psicomotores/epidemiologia , Retardo do Crescimento Fetal/epidemiologia , Transtornos do Crescimento/epidemiologia , Facies
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